Nyuma yimyaka myinshi yo gukora imashini, rwose ntuzi ibisobanuro byikimenyetso cya screw, sibyo?
Urwego rwimikorere ya bolts yo guhuza ibyuma bigabanijwemo ibyiciro birenga 10, harimo 3.6,4.6,4.8,5.6,6.8,8.8,9.8,10.9,12.9.Bolt yo mu cyiciro cya 8.8 no hejuru yayo ikozwe mubyuma bya karuboni nkeya cyangwa ibyuma bya karubone yo hagati hamwe no kuvura ubushyuhe (kuzimya, ubushyuhe), mubisanzwe byitwa imbaraga zikomeye, naho ibindi byitwa ibisanzwe bisanzwe.Ikimenyetso cyerekana amanota agizwe nibice bibiri byimibare, bikurikiranye byerekana nominal tensile imbaraga zingirakamaro hamwe nigipimo cyingufu zingirakamaro yibikoresho bya bolt.urugero:
Bolts yo gukora amanota 4.6, bivuze:
Imbaraga za tensile imbaraga za bolt ibikoresho bigera kurwego rwa 400MPa;
Ikigereranyo cyingufu zingirakamaro yibikoresho bya bolt ni 0,6;
Imbaraga zumusaruro wizina ryibikoresho bya bolt bigera kuri 400 × 0,6 = 240MPa urwego.
Icyiciro cya 10.9 imbaraga zikomeye, ibikoresho nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe, birashobora kugera:
Imbaraga za nominal tensile imbaraga za bolt ibikoresho bigera kurwego rwa 1000MPa;
Ikigereranyo cyingufu zingirakamaro yibikoresho bya bolt ni 0.9;
Imbaraga zumusaruro wizina ryibikoresho bya bolt bigera kurwego 1000 × 0.9 = 900MPa.
Igisobanuro cyibikorwa bya bolt ni urwego mpuzamahanga rusanzwe, urwego rumwe rwimikorere ya bolt, utitaye ku itandukaniro ryibintu ninkomoko yabyo, imikorere yacyo ni imwe, igishushanyo gishobora guhitamo gusa urwego rwimikorere.
Imbaraga zo mucyiciro 8.8 na 10.9 nizo ntera ya bolt shear ya 8.8GPa na 10.9GPa
8.8 Nominal tensile imbaraga 800 N / MM2 Imbaraga zitanga izina 640 N / MM2
Bolt rusange ikoreshwa hamwe na "X. Y" yerekana imbaraga, X * 100 = imbaraga zingana ziyi bolt, X * 100 * (Y / 10) = gutanga umusaruro wiyi bolt (nkuko byanditse: imbaraga zitanga / imbaraga zingana = Y / 10)
Ku cyiciro cya 4.8, imbaraga zingana za bolt ni 400MPa;imbaraga z'umusaruro ni 400 * 8/10 = 320MPa.
Na none: ibyuma bidafite ingese mubisanzwe byanditseho nka A4-70, A2-70 isura, ibisobanuro bisobanurwa ukundi.
igipimo
Uburebure ku isi ahanini bufite ibice bibiri byo gupima, kimwe ni sisitemu ya metero, igipimo cyo gupima metero (m), cm (m) (cm), mm (mm), nibindi, muri leta, Ubushinwa n'Ubuyapani na ibindi byo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya bikoreshwa cyane, ikindi ni Abongereza, igipimo cyo gupima cyane cyane kuri santimetero (santimetero), gihwanye n'umwanya wa kera w'umujyi, muri Amerika, Amerika ndetse n'ibindi bihugu by'i Burayi na Amerika byakoresheje byinshi.
Ibipimo bipima: (10 mex) 1m = cm 100 = mm 1000
Ibipimo byabongereza: (8 r) 1 cm = kilometero 8 santimetero = 25.4 mm 3/8 ?? × 25.4 = 9.52
1/4 ??Ibicuruzwa bikurikira bibarwa kugirango byerekane amazina yabo, nka: 4 #, 5 #, 6 #, 7 #, 8 #, 10 #, 12 #
umugozi
Urudodo nuburyo bufite icyerekezo kimwe kizengurutse igice cyinyuma cyangwa imbere imbere yikintu gikomeye.Ukurikije imiterere n'imiterere yabyo, birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu:
Urudodo rusanzwe: imiterere yinyo istriangleShape, ikoreshwa muguhuza cyangwa guhambira ibice.Urudodo rusanzwe rugabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri bw amenyo yoroheje hamwe nu mugozi w amenyo meza ukurikije ikibuga, kandi imbaraga zo guhuza urudodo rwiza rwinyo ni nyinshi.
Ihererekanyabubasha: imiterere yinyo ifite trapezoidal, urukiramende, ibiti na mpandeshatu, nibindi.
Urudodo rwo gufunga: rukoreshwa mugushiraho ikimenyetso, cyane cyane umuyoboro wumuyoboro, umugozi wa cone nu mugozi wa cone.
Gutondekanya ukurikije imiterere
Urudodo hamwe n amanota
Urudodo rukwiye nubunini buringaniye cyangwa bufatanye hagati yinsinga za screw, kandi urwego rwo guhuza ni rwo rwateganijwe rwo guhuza no kwihanganira kumutwe wimbere ninyuma.
1. Kubudodo bwunze ubumwe bwabongereza, hariho ibyiciro bitatu byurudodo rwo hanze: 1A, 2A na 3A, kandi hariho amanota atatu: 1B, 2B na 3B, byose bihuza icyuho.Urwego rwohejuru urwego, niko guhuza ibikorwa.Mu nsanganyamatsiko y'Ubwongereza, gutandukana byerekana gusa icyiciro cya 1A na 2A, icyiciro cya 3A ni zeru, naho icyiciro cya 1A na 2A bingana.Umubare munini wamanota, niko kwihanganira bito.
Icyiciro cya 1A na 1B, igipimo cyo kwihanganira cyane, gikwiye kwihanganira gikwiranye ninyuma yimbere ninyuma.
Icyiciro cya 2A na 2B nicyiciro gikunze kwihanganira urudodo rwerekanwe kubwongereza bwuruhererekane rwimashini.
Icyiciro cya 3A na 3B, kigizwe na tighfit yo kwihanganira gukomera kubushakashatsi bukomeye.
Kubudodo bwo hanze, 1A na 2A bafite kwihanganira gushyingiranwa na 3A ntibabikora.1Kwihanganirana ni 50% kurenza kwihanganira 2A naho 75% binini kuruta kwihanganira 3A.Kumutwe wimbere, kwihanganira 2B ni 30% kurenza kwihanganira 2A.Icyiciro cya 1B ni 50% kurenza icyiciro cya 2B na 75% kuruta icyiciro cya 3B.
2. Urudodo rwibipimo, urudodo rwo hanze rufite urwego rwimitwe itatu: 4h, 6h na 6g, urudodo rwimbere rufite urwego rwimitwe itatu: 5H, 6 H, 7H. mubihe bya II urwego) murwego rwa metric, gutandukana shingiro rya H na h ni zeru.Gutandukana kwibanze kwa G nibyiza, naho ibya e, f, na g nibibi.
H nikintu gikunze gukoreshwa kwihanganira umurongo wimbere wimbere, ubusanzwe ntabwo ikoreshwa nkigifuniko cyo hejuru, cyangwa hamwe na fosifati yoroheje cyane.G umwanya wibanze gutandukana ukoreshwa mubihe bidasanzwe, nkibishishwa byimbitse, mubisanzwe ntibikoreshwa.
Ipfunyika yoroheje ya g isanzwe ikoreshwa mugushiraho 6-9um.Nkibishushanyo mbonera bisaba 6h bolt, umugozi wa screw ufata 6g kwihanganira umurongo mbere yo gutwikira.
Urudodo rukwiranye nibyiza muri H / g, H / h cyangwa G / h.Ku nsanganyamatsiko zifata neza nka bolts na nuts, birasabwa 6H / 6g.
3. Ibimenyetso
Ibipimo nyamukuru bya geometrike yo kwibasira no kwikuramo insanganyamatsiko
1. Diameter nini / diameter yinyo yo hanze (d1): hypothettike ya silinderi ya diametre hejuru yinzu.Umurambararo munini wa diameter ahanini ugereranya diameter nominal yubunini bwurudodo.
2. Inzira / hepfo ya diameter (d2): hypothettike ya silinderi ya diametre ifite urufatiro rwuzuye.
3. Intera y amenyo (p): intera ya axial yinyo yegeranye ihuye ningingo ebyiri kumurongo wa meridian.Mu mubare w'amenyo muri buri santimetero (25.4mm).
Urwego rusanzwe (metric) (Icyongereza)
(1) Metric yo kwibasira amenyo:
Ibisobanuro: ST 1.5, S T1.9, S T2.2, S T2.6, S T2.9, na ST3.3 、 S T3.5 、 S T3.9 、 S T4.2 、 S T4.8 、 S T5.5 、 ST6.3 、 S T8.0 、 S T9.5
Intera y'amenyo: 0.5,0.6,0.8,0.9,1.1,1.3,1.3,1.3,1.4,1.6,1.8,1.8,2.1,2.1
(2) Sisitemu y'Ubwongereza yo kwibabaza amenyo:
Ibisobanuro: 4 #, 5 #, 6 #, 7 #, 8 #, 10 #, 12 #, 14 #
Umubare w'amenyo: AB amenyo 24,20,20,19,18,16,14,14
Amenyo 24,20,18,16,15,12,11,10
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-19-2022